Besedilo je bilo natisnjeno kot tretji zvezek zbirke Vo\u0161njakovih spisov (1894). V arhivu Dramati\u010dnega dru\u0161tva je ohranjen izvod z avtorjevim posvetilom na naslovnici. Za spletno objavo smo uporabili duplikat, ker je knji\u017eica iz arhiva Dramati\u010dnega dru\u0161tva popisana in s\u010drtana, na temelju \u010desar lahko sklepamo, da so stekle priprave na uprizarjanje, \u010deprav odrske postavitve v \u010dasu Dramati\u010dnega dru\u0161tva in tudi pozneje na ljubljanskem dramskem odru niso realizirali.<\/p>\n
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<\/a>KRSTNA UPRIZORITEV DEVETDESET LET PO NASTANKU BESEDILA<\/strong><\/p>\n Vo\u0161njak je bil v svojem \u010dasu uspe\u0161en in uprizarjan dramatik, zato je nenavadno, da njegovo besedilo Doctor Dragan<\/em> ni na\u0161lo poti na ljubljanski oder. Verjetno gre za splet okoli\u0161\u010din, zanemarljivo pa ni niti dejstvo, da je \u0161lo za ko\u010dljivo politi\u010dno t\u00e9mo. V \u010dasu, ko je Vo\u0161njak napisal svojo zadnjo dramo, je dopolnil \u0161estdeset let in se je na\u010drtno umaknil iz javnega in poklicnega \u017eivljenja. Leta 1895 se je preselil na posestvo Visole v bli\u017eini Slovenske Bistrice, kar ga je tudi dejansko izoliralo od ljubljanskega kulturnega in dru\u017eabnega dogajanja. Malo pred njim (1894) je Ljubljano zapustil tudi prvi \u010dlovek slovenskega gledali\u0161\u010da tistega \u010dasa, Ignacij Bor\u0161tnik, ki je pred tem vrsto let uprizarjal Vo\u0161njakove igre. Po Bor\u0161tnikovi selitvi v Zagreb so o repertoarju v veliki meri soodlo\u010dali novi \u010de\u0161ki intendanti in re\u017eiserji, ki jim \u017ee \u010detrt stoletja oddaljena politi\u010dna zgodovina Slovencev o\u010ditno ni bila blizu. \u010ceprav predstavlja drama Doctor Dragan<\/em> po mnenju literarnih kritikov in zgodovinarjev vrhunec Vo\u0161njakovega ustvarjanja, je besedilo za dolgo \u010dasa utonilo v pozabo.<\/p>\n Doctor Dragan<\/em> je bil uprizorjen \u0161ele v sezoni 1982\/83 v kranjskem Pre\u0161ernovem gledali\u0161\u010du. V Kranju je Toman na za\u010detku svoje poklicne poti tudi slu\u017eboval; kranjski teater je najbli\u017eje gledali\u0161\u010de krajem Tomanove rosne mladosti in gradu Turn, na katerem je obiskoval svojo bodo\u010do \u017eeno Josipino Turnograjsko in pozneje po njeni smrti tam nekaj \u010dasa tudi bival.<\/p>\n Praizvedbo besedila v izvedbi \u0161tevil\u010dnega ansambla je re\u017eiral Matija Logar.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u017dELEZNICA KOT SKU\u0160NJAVA: SAGA O OKORI\u0160\u010cANJU<\/strong><\/p>\n Da je \u017eeleznica velika prilo\u017enost, ki prina\u0161a napredek, obenem pa povzro\u010da sku\u0161njave, je pokazal \u017ee France Pre\u0161eren v pesmi Od \u017eelezne ceste<\/em>, \u0161e preden je \u010dez slovensko ozemlje zapeljal prvi vlak. Josip Vo\u0161njak je t\u00e9mo obdelal v politi\u010dni drami, za katero je dobil navdih v resni\u010dnem dogajanju.<\/p>\n Lovro Toman (1827-1870), politik, pravnik in pesnik, je po uspe\u0161ni in zmagoviti politi\u010dni karieri proti svojim sicer\u0161njim na\u010delom podprl avstro-ogrski dualizem. Nagrada za politi\u010dno izdajo je bila koncesija za gorenjsko \u017eeleznico, s katero se je denarno okoristil. Njegov pohlep in nena\u010delno ravnanje sta zbudila srdit gnev v slovenskih politi\u010dnih in kulturnih krogih. Verjetno bi Toman ravnal druga\u010de, \u010de bi slutil, kak\u0161en vihar bo spro\u017eil s svojim dejanjem. Dokon\u010dno spoznanje o te\u017ei usodne napake, ki jo je storil, je bilo verjetno tudi eden od razlogov za njegovo zgodnjo smrt.<\/p>\n Vo\u0161njak, ki je Lovra Tomana ob\u010dudoval in spo\u0161toval, se je zgodbe lotil nadvse obzirno. Dragan je v njegovi razli\u010dici predvsem vro\u010di\u010dno vzneseni pesnik, politi\u010dno malce naiven in pripraven za velikonem\u0161ko izkori\u0161\u010danje. Dramatik politika prika\u017ee kot \u017ertev eroti\u010dne strasti, \u010deprav je bil Tomanov mamon denar in je bil odnos z \u017eenskami v njegovem \u017eivljenju podrejen pohlepu, kar je dokazal \u017ee ob \u017eenitvi z Josipino Turnograjsko. Vo\u0161njak svojega junaka ni \u017eelel ozna\u010diti za grabe\u017eljivca, zato se je zatekel k zgodbi o zapeljevanju: ko prekanjeni politiki uporabijo pokvarjeno lepotico, ki s svojimi \u010dari omre\u017ei Dragana, ta sprejme napa\u010dno odlo\u010ditev in se obenem izneveri tudi svoji slovenski zaro\u010denki.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/a>AUTHOR INFORMATION<\/strong><\/p>\n Josip Vo\u0161njak (1834-1911), pisatelj in zdravnik, je bil eden najvidnej\u0161ih slovenskih politikov in kulturnih delavcev druge polovice 19. stoletja. Leta 1867 je bil izvoljen za poslanca v \u0161tajerskem de\u017eelnem zboru, kjer se je v naslednjem desetletju zavzemal za jezikovno enakopravnost in Zedinjeno Slovenijo, za slovensko ozemeljsko in upravno enovitost. Od 1873 do 1885 je bil poslanec v dr\u017eavnem zboru na Dunaju, od 1877 do upokojitve (1895) pa v kranjskem de\u017eelnem zboru. Kot vodilni politik slovenske liberalne stranke je zagovarjal pomen izobra\u017eevanja in slovenske gospodarske osamosvojitve; sodeloval je pri ustanavljanju doma\u010dih bank in zadrug. Kot politik in publicist se je zavzemal za izbolj\u0161anje socialnih razmer kme\u010dkega in delavskega prebivalstva. Bil je med ustanovitelji Slovenske matice (1864), in \u010dasnika Slovenski narod<\/em> (1868). Zanj je pisal \u010dlanke o gospodarstvu, financah, politiki, socialnih in medicinskih vpra\u0161anjih ter tudi o kulturi. Strokovne in leposlovne prispevke je objavljal \u0161e v Slovenskem gospodarju<\/em>, Ljubljanskemu zvonu<\/em>, v publikacijah Mohorjeve dru\u017ebe in drugje. Konec \u0161estdesetih let je uspe\u0161no nastopal na slovenskih taborih, pozneje pa je dejavno sodeloval pri zbiranju sredstev in postavljanju spomenikov pomembnim Slovencem, pri ustanavljanju Glasbene matice, Ciril-Metodovega dru\u0161tva in Pisateljskega dru\u0161tva. Kot sodelavec Dramati\u010dnega dru\u0161tva je pomagal pri nastajanju in razvoju slovenskega gledali\u0161\u010da.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/a>VO\u0160NJAK'S DRAMATICS<\/strong><\/p>\n Vo\u0161njak's first dramatic attempt in German, which he also staged, dates back to his student years. After completing his medical studies in Vienna, he returned to his native land, switched from German to Slovenian in his writing, and wrote a tragedy in verse, which has not survived. Vo\u0161njak's early literary attempts and publications, encouraged by his friend and colleague Josip Jur\u010di\u010d, were interrupted by a steep political career. He took up writing again when he completed his second term in the National Assembly, i.e. after his fiftieth birthday. Literary historians note that during this time he completed previously conceived or planned texts, including the novel Twins<\/em> (1889) and numerous dramatic works that he submitted to the Dramatic Society a few months after the novel's publication. For these texts, which in terms of form and content belong more to the 1870s, France Koblar used the term "late reading drama" (Slovenian Drama I<\/em>, 1972, str. 139). Vo\u0161njak, ki se je po letu 1885 z vso svojo energijo in marljivostjo lotil dela za slovensko gledali\u0161\u010de, je ta besedila napisal za majhen, utesnjen oder ljubljanske \u010ditalnice, ki so ga v letih po po\u017earu Stanovskega gledali\u0161\u010da in pred dograditvijo nove gledali\u0161ke stavbe ponovno o\u017eivili (1887\u20131892), tako da je v njegov zagovor potrebno zapisati, da njegova dramatika ni \u00bbpozno\u010ditalni\u0161ka\u00ab le v vsebinskem in oblikovnem smislu, temve\u010d je dobesedno \u010ditalni\u0161ka. Ko se je kon\u010dno ponudila mo\u017enost, da bi tudi Slovenci dobili svoje gledali\u0161\u010de, je Vo\u0161njak dejavno sodeloval pri tem projektu kot odbornik v kranjskem de\u017eelnem zboru in blagajnik Dramati\u010dnega dru\u0161tva. Kot mlad politik se je leta 1868 udele\u017eil otvoritve Narodnega gledali\u0161\u010da v Pragi in na njej nastopil kot govornik, pri skoraj \u0161estdesetih pa je do\u010dakal tudi otvoritev doma\u010dega gledali\u0161kega prizori\u0161\u010da.<\/p>\n Vo\u0161njak, who participated in discussions about the repertoire conundrums of Slovenian theatre during this period, also tried to solve them with his own dramatic texts: he offered the Dramatic Society five mostly lighter texts or comedies. Foam<\/em>, To their own<\/em> and Minister's letter<\/em> so bile leta 1889 tudi uprizorjene, komediji A hundred years ago<\/em> and Women's victory<\/em> but they failed to make it to the stage during this period.<\/p>\n The next type of Vo\u0161njak's plays is closely related to his attempts at a Tolstoyan story with material from the lives of ordinary people with directly expressed moral teachings (Obsojen<\/em>, Ti o\u010deta do praga, sin tebe \u010dez prag<\/em>, Dva soseda<\/em>, Blagor usmiljenim<\/em>\u2026). Svojo razli\u010dico mohorjanske literature ni razvil le v proznih poskusih, temve\u010d tudi v dramatiki. Tako je nastala pode\u017eelska razli\u010dica me\u0161\u010danske igre To their own<\/em>, ki jo je objavil v Calendar of the Society of St. Mohor<\/em> (1891). Sem sodita \u0161e besedili, ki sta iz\u0161li v knji\u017eni zbirki Slovenske ve\u010dernice Dru\u017ebe sv. Mohorja<\/em>. Igra Walnut<\/em><\/a>, subtitled Scenes from Farm Life, was published in volume 45 (1991), a short story in one act Let's not give up!<\/em> and in volume 53 (1901).<\/a><\/p>\n The third set of Vo\u0161njak's dramatic works and his literary peak are represented by the plays Beautiful Vida<\/em> (book edition and performance 1893) and Doctor Dragan<\/em> (1894), which was not performed at the time of its creation due to problematic content. Compared to earlier texts, these are works that are complex in content and form, characterized by more contemporary tones and motifs, although they remain trapped in melodramatic sentimentality and euphemism. <\/p>\n <\/a>FROM THE LIBRARY OF THE SLOVENIAN THEATRE INSTITUTE: VO\u0160NJAK'S WORKS IN BOOK EDITIONS AND A SELECTION OF MATERIALS ABOUT THE AUTHOR<\/strong><\/p>\n In 1889, a one-act play was published To each their own.\u00a0<\/em><\/a>In the same year, as the first booklet of the Vo\u0161njaks Collected dramatic and narrative writings<\/em> published novel Twins<\/em>, printed in the National Printing House in Ljubljana. Of the planned five volumes, only three were published. The other two were printed by the Celje printing house of Dragotin Hribar, the former manager of the National Printing House in Ljubljana. Drama Beautiful Vida<\/em> was published in 1893, Doctor Dragan<\/em> and a year later.<\/p>\n Singing game Coal miner<\/em> It was never fully printed. France Koblar included the work in an anthology Older Slovenian drama<\/em> (1951). He decided to publish the second act; he merely summarized the other three.<\/p>\n In the last years of his life, Vo\u0161njak published Memories<\/em> in two volumes (1905, 1906). The work was republished in 1982 by Slovenska matica. The selection was made by historian Vasilij Melik, who is also the author of the accompanying study.<\/p>\n Leta 1996 je iz\u0161el prvi in edini zvezek knji\u017ene zbirke Slovenska me\u0161\u010danska dramatika.<\/em> Urednik in pisec predgovora, Igor Grdina, se je odlo\u010dil za objavo Vo\u0161njakovega Doctor Dragan<\/em> and Matches<\/em> Anton Funtek.<\/p>\n Vo\u0161njak's dramatic work was discussed by Frank Wollman in the book Slovenian drama<\/em> (1925) and France Koblar in Slovenian playwrights<\/em> (1972). It also has an important place in Du\u0161an Moravec's monograph Townspeople in Slovenian drama<\/em> (1960).<\/p>\n Du\u0161an Moravec je objavil ob\u0161irno analizo Vo\u0161njakove dramatike tudi v 43. \u0161tevilki Documents of the Slovenian Theater Museum<\/em> (1984).<\/p>\n The most comprehensive overview of Vo\u0161njak's literary, political, and cultural activities is the monograph by Malina Schmidt Snoj, published in the book collection Znameniti Slovenci pri Nova revija (2003).<\/p>\n<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\nDuring this time, they put on stage Coal mine<\/em> (1994), a less successful and accomplished work, according to literary history, depicting a strike in a coal mine.
\nWith their contemporary content and complexly drawn characters, the aforementioned Vo\u0161njak plays indicated the rapprochement of Slovenian dramatic literature with modern European literary trends, a rapprochement that was only fully realized by Ivan Cankar.<\/p>\n<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t